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Two worlds · one reference frame

Compare

Numbers become useful when their definitions stay visible. Dynamic observations are deliberately excluded: this comparison uses version-controlled planetary reference data.

Relative diameter

Two circles, one radius scale

A minimum visible size keeps small worlds selectable. Use the numerical values for exact comparisons.
Earth12,756.3 km diameterOpen Earth page
Mars6,792.4 km diameterOpen Mars page

Human-scale differences

Change the reference, not the science

Earth

70 kg on Earth
70.0 kg-equivalent
23 Earth years
23.00 local years
One Earth day
100.00% of this world's solar day

Mars

70 kg on Earth
26.5 kg-equivalent
23 Earth years
12.23 local years
One Earth day
97.32% of this world's solar day

Accessible reference table

Definitions stay beside the values

Planetary reference comparison for Earth and Mars.
MeasureEarthMars
Mean radius6,371 km3,389.5 km
Mass5.972e+24 kg6.417e+23 kg
Density5,513.4 kg/m³3,934 kg/m³
Gravity9.80 m/s² · surface-equatorial reference3.71 m/s² · surface-equatorial reference
Average Sun distance1 AU1.524 AU
Orbital period365.3 Earth days687 Earth days
Sidereal rotation23.9 h · prograde24.6 h · prograde
Solar day24 h24.7 h
Axial tilt23.4°25°
Temperature reference15 °C · surface-65 °C · surface
AtmosphereA nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere that supports liquid surface water and life.A thin atmosphere dominated by carbon dioxide.
Recognized moons1 · as of Feb 12, 20262 · as of Jul 17, 2026
RingsEarth has no planetary ring system.Mars has no ring system.
Escape velocity11.2 km/s5 km/s
Sunlight travel8.3 min12.7 min